• ISSN(Print): 2789-4355
    ISSN(Online): 2958-0358
  • editor.hmdj@hitec-ims.edu.pk
    051- 4908582
  • HITEC-IMS, HIT, Taxila Cantt,
    Punjab, Pakistan
  • Submit Manuscript
HITEC Medical & Dental Journal (HMDJ) Submit Manuscript
Radiological And Pharmacovigilance Comparisons Between Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis And Drug Sensitive Tuberculosis Patients At Mardan Medical Complex

Authors

Laila khan
Assistant Professor. Department of Radiology
Sajjad Ali
Associate Professor. Department of Pulmonology
Rumman
Pharmacovigilance officer. Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex
Aleina Ali Shah
Program Manager MDR Tb, Association for Community Development KP
Akmal Naveed
Director, Association for Community Development KP
Nazar ul Islam
National MDR TB Specialist NTP/CMU MoNHSR&C Islamabad

Abstract

Objective:
To compare the radiological features and pharmacovigilance profile between drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) and drugsensitive TB (DS-TB) patients.
Study Design:
Retrospective, comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study:
Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) Center, Mardan Medical College, Mardan , 03 years(February 2022 to February 2025).
Patients and Methods:
Medical records of 200 tuberculosis patients (100 DR-TB and 100 DS-TB) were reviewed, using structured a proforma. Collected data consisted of demographic information, radiological features (extent of disease, infiltrates, consolidation, cavitary lesions, bronchiectasis, fibrosis, and non-parenchymal changes), and pharmacovigilance details like type, frequency, severity, causality, and outcomes of the adverse drug reactions (ADR). SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were applied to assess significance, keeping a p ≤ 0.05 , significant.
Results:
DR-TB patients were found to have a significantly greater extent of pulmonary involvement, more cavitary lesions, consolidation, bronchiectasis, and destructive pulmonary changes than DS-TB patients (p<0.05). The proportion of DR-TB patients with ADRs was much higher when compared with DS-TB patients (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
DR-TB patients have more a severe radiological disease and have a higher burden of adverse drug reactions, when compared to DS-TB patients. It is important that radiology is recognized early and pharmacovigilance is reinforced to achieve better treatment results.
Kewords:
Antitubercular agents; Drug resistance; Tuberculosis; Radiography; Pharmacovigilance.

How to cite this article

Khan L, Ali S, Rumman, Shah AA, Naveed A, Islam NU. Radiological and Pharmacovigilance Comparisons Between Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Drug Sensitive Tuberculosis Patients at Mardan Medical Complex. HMDJ. 2026 June; 06(01): 26-33.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.69884/hmdj.6.1.7865

References

  1. Harries AD, Kumar AMV, Satyanarayana S, Takarinda KC, Timire C, Dlodlo RA. Treatment for latent tuberculosis infection in low- and middle-income countries: progress and challenges with implementation and scale-up. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2020;14(2):195-208. doi:10.1080/17476348.2020.1694907.
  2. Pattamapaspong N, Kanthawang T, Peh WCG, Hammami N, Bouaziz MC, Ladeb MF. Imaging of thoracic tuberculosis: pulmonary and extrapulmonary. BJR Open. 2024;6(1):tzae031. doi:10.1093/bjro/tzae031.
  3. Reddy SC, Mohan KG, Jain K. Impact of socioeconomic factors on the treatment of tuberculosis. In: Emerging Paradigms in Delivery Systems for Antitubercular Therapy. Academic Press; 2025. p. 353-69. doi:10.1016/B978-0-443-24035-5.00016-5.
  4. Chen Z, Wang T, Du J, et al. Decoding the WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2024: A critical analysis of global and Chinese key data. Zoonoses. 2025;5(1). doi:10.15212/ZOONOSES-2024-0061.
  5. Daneshi S, Mehni EB, Kamali M, Barfar E, Barahouei FB, Hushmandi K, et al. Prevalence and contributing factors of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in Iran: a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis. 2025;25(1):1004. doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11439-.
  6. Haroon OM. Classifying new anti-tuberculosis drugs and management of its ADR as per WHO: a short review. World J Pharm Sci. 2024;12(2):93-102. doi:10.54037/WJPS.2022.100905.
  7. Lv H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Bai J, You S, Li X, et al. Global prevalence and burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis from 1990 to 2019. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24(1):243. doi:10.1186/s12879-024-09079-5.
  8. Massud A, Khan AH, Syed Sulaiman SA, Ahmad N, Shafqat M, Ming LC. Unsuccessful treatment outcome and associated risk factors: a prospective study of DR-TB patients from a high burden country, Pakistan. PLoS One. 2023;18(8):e0287966. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287966.
  9. Alara JA, Alara OR. An overview of the global alarming increase of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis: a major challenge in clinical diagnosis. Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2024;24(3):e250723219043. doi:10.2174/1871526523666230725103902.
  10. Etim NG, Mirabeau TY, Olorode OA, Nwodo MU, Izah SC. Current diagnostic tools of tuberculosis: challenges and opportunities. ES Gen. 2023;3:1059. doi:10.30919/esg1059.
  11. Zhang W, Zhao Y, Tian Y, Liang X, Piao C. Early diagnosis of high-risk chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on quantitative high-resolution computed tomography measurements. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2023;18:3099-114. doi:10.2147/COPD.S436803.
  12. Xu CJ, Lu PX, Li CH, He YL, Fang WJ, Xie RM, et al. Chinese expert consensus on imaging diagnosis of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2024;14(1):1039-60. doi:10.21037/qims-23-1223.
  13. Patel B, Kumar R, Ramesh V. TB and other chest infections. Lung India. 2022;39 Suppl:S43-85. doi:10.4103/0970-2113.341105.
  14. Tiemersma EW, van den Hof S, Kimerling M. New tuberculosis drugs and the role of pharmacovigilance: issues in resource-limited countries. In: Ahmad SR, editor. Special Issues in Pharmacovigilance in Resource-Limited Countries. Singapore: Adis; 2025. doi:10.1007/978-981-96-6154-1_10.
  15. Maheshwari P, Dixit R, Gupta A, Meghwanshi R. Adverse drug reactions in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a narrative review. UAPM J Respir Dis Allied Sci. 2025;2(2):33-43. doi:10.70192/.
  16. Singh KP, Carvalho ACC, Centis R, D’Ambrosio L, Migliori GB, Mpagama SG, et al. Clinical standards for the management of adverse effects during treatment for TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2023;27(7):506-19. doi:10.5588/ijtld.23.0078.
  17. Cheng N, Wu S, Luo X, Xu C, Lou Q, Zhu J, et al. A comparative study of chest computed tomography findings: 1030 cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis versus 516 cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Infect Drug Resist. 2021;14:1115-28. doi:10.2147/IDR.S300754.
  18. Xu YF, Xu CJ, Xie RM, Lv Y, He W, Jiang FL, et al. Differential diagnosis of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. In: Diagnostic Imaging of Drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2024. p. 201-26. doi:10.1007/978-981-99-8339-1_14.
  19. Atif M, Ahmed W, Nouman Iqbal M, Ahmad N, Ahmad W, Malik I, et al. Frequency and factors associated with adverse events among multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Pakistan: a retrospective study. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;8:790718. doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.790718.
  20. Massud A, Syed Sulaiman SA, Ahmad N, Shafqat M, Chiau Ming L, Khan AH. Frequency and management of adverse drug reactions among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: analysis from a prospective study. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:883483. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.883483.
  21. Khan FU, Khan A, Khan FU, Hayat K, Rehman AU, Chang J, et al. Assessment of adverse drug events, their risk factors, and management among patients treated for multidrug-resistant TB: a prospective cohort study from Pakistan. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:876955. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.876955.
  22. Dutta Gupta D, Keny SJ, Kakodkar UC. Study of adverse drug reactions during the treatment of drug resistant tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc. 2024;71 Suppl 1:S136-40. doi:10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.03.002.
  23. Duga AL, Salvo F, Kay A, Figueras A. Safety profile of medicines used for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a descriptive study based on the WHO database (VigiBase®). Antibiotics (Basel). 2023;12(5):811. doi:10.3390/antibiotics12050811.

All Volumes

Full Text PDF
HMDJ © 2023 All Right Reserved || Powered By IT Department